趾甲镰刀菌病真菌的扫描电镜观察和特殊制样方法
崔 芳，胡丹丹，黄攀登，王丽，林元珠趾甲镰刀菌病真菌的扫描电镜观察和特殊制样方法
崔 芳１，胡丹丹２，黄攀登２，王丽1*，林元珠2
（河北医科大学1.电镜实验中心，2. 第四附属医院皮肤科，河北 石家庄 050000）
摘 要：本文经反复摸索对比，总结出一套简便、完整、快捷的真菌扫描电镜（SEM）样品制备方法，并对分离培养趾甲镰刀菌病的镰刀菌（Fusarium，Ｆ）进行了表面超微结构观察。在SEM下可清晰地分辨出真菌的菌丝和大、小分生孢子。菌丝粗细均匀，形态饱满，表面有较规律且微微隆起的分隔，其上偶有分支，彼此连通。大、小分生孢子则以孢尖或孢体依附贴合于菌丝上，其中大分生孢子较稀疏，呈镰刀形或纺锤形，两端较尖，孢体稍弯曲，背腹明显，有2～5个环状竹节样膨隆，其中小分生孢子较密集，呈卵圆形或梨形，无或偶见一隔膜, 且两种孢子均有顶端和侧壁出芽。SEM观察结果为真菌的病原学分类和抗真菌药物筛选等方面提供了形态学依据。
关键词：扫描电镜；镰刀菌；真菌；样品制备
中图分类号：Q939.11；Q336 文献标识码：A
doi:10.3969/j.1000-6281.2013.06.008
Observation of fungi of toenail fusariosisby scanning electron microscopy and special sample preparation method
CUI Fang1，HU Dan-dan2，HUANG Pan-deng2，WANG Li1*，LIN Yuan-zhu2
( 1. Laboratory Center of Electron Microscopy, Hebei Medical University, 2. Department of Dermatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050000，China）
Abstract: A set of simple, complete, efficient fungi scanning electron miscroscopy(SEM) sample preparation method was summarized and the surface ultrastructure of the Fusarium (Ｆ) that isolated culture of a case of toenail fusariosis was observed. The fungal, hyphae and spores could be clearly distinguished by SEM. Hyphae has uniform thickness and full appearance, and has septa that is regular and slightly raised, and interconnect branches . Spores are closely attached to the hyphae by apexes or bodies. Macroconidia are sparse, sickle/spindle-shaped, and both ends of the them are pointed. Macroconidia are slightly curved middle and the dorsum and venter are apparent with 2- to 5- bamboo-liked septate bulge. While microconidia are collective, and oval to pyriform，and have no or one septum occasionally. Both kinds of spores have bud from sides. These results provide morphological evidence for etiology classification and antifungal drug screening.
Keywords: scanning electron microscopy; Fusarium; fungi; sample preparation
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