聚乙二醇稳定的单分散超小金纳米颗粒的制备与表征
霍帅东，王东亮，甘雅玲，梁兴杰*
（国家纳米科学中心，中国科学院纳米生物效应与安全性重点实验室，北京100190）
摘 要：本实验采用制备金纳米颗粒的Schiffrin-Brust经典方法的思路，利用不同分子量的巯基化聚乙二醇作为稳定剂，硼氢化钠作为还原剂，在水相溶液中探索制备了超小尺寸金纳米颗粒。通过透射电镜观察和粒径统计分析可知制备得到的金纳米颗粒尺寸均一，单分散性良好。该制备方法简单，得到的超小金纳米颗粒稳定性良好，为生物医药领域的相关研究及应用提供了新的材料和模型。
关键词：超小尺寸；聚乙二醇；生物稳定；金纳米颗粒
中图分类号：TB383；O766+.1；TG115.21+5.3 文献标识码：A
Preparation of PEG stabled monodisperse ultra-small gold nanoparticles
HUO Shuai-dong,WANG Dong-liang, GAN Ya-ling, LIANGXing-Jie*
（CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China）
Abstract:Ultra-small gold nanoparticles were obtained based on the classical Schiffrin-Brust methodby using different molecular weight of polyethylene glycol amine as the stabilizer and sodium borohydride as the reducing agent reacted in an aqueous phase solution. The method of preparation is very simple. The gold nanoparticles obtained have a uniform morphology and good monodisperse stability in bio-media. This work provides a good prerequisite for research and applications of ultra-small gold nanoparticles in the field of biomedical.
Keywords: ultra-small；PEG；bio-stable；gold nanoparticles
[1] Faraday M Philos. Experimental relations of gold (and other metals) to light[J]. Trans R Soc，1857, 147:145-181.
[2] Brust M, Walker M, Bethell D, et al. Synthesis of thiol-derivatised gold nanoparticles in a two-phase Liquid-Liquid system[J]. Chem Commun, 1994，801-802.
[3] Shimizu T, Teranishi T, Hasegawa S, et al. Size evolution of Alkanethiol-protected gold nanoparticles by heat treatment in the solid state[J]. J Phys Chem B, 2003, 107:2719-2724.
[4] Pan Y, Leifert A, Ruau D, et al. Gold nanoparticles of diameter 1.4 nm trigger necrosis by oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage[J]. Small, 2009, 5:2067-2076.
[5] Pan Y, Neuss S, Leifert A, et al. Size-dependent cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles[J]. Small, 2007, 3:1941-1949.
[6] Faulk W P，Taylor G M. An immunocolloidal method for the electron microscope[J]. Immunochemistry, 1971, 8:1081-1083.
[7] Holgate C S, Jackson P, Cowen P N, et al. Immunogold-silver staining: new method of immunostaining with enhanced sensitivity[J]. J Histochem Cytochem, 1983, 31:938-944.
[8] Hainfeld J F, Slatkin D N, Focella T M, et al. Gold nanoparticles: a new X-ray contrast agent[J]. Br J Radiol, 2006, 79:248-253.
[9] Hainfeld J F, Dilmanian F A, Zhong Z, et al. Gold nanoparticles enhance the radiation therapy of a murine squamous cell carcinoma[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2010, 55:3045.
[10] Dreaden E C, Mwakwari S C, Sodji Q H, et al. Tamoxifen-poly (ethylene glycol)-thiol gold nanoparticle conjugates: enhanced potency and selective delivery for breast cancer treatment[J]. Biocon Chem, 2009, 20:2247-2253.
[11] Dickerson E B, Dreaden E C, Huang X H, et al. Gold nanorod assisted near-infrared plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT) of squamous cell carcinoma in mice[J]. Cancer Lett, 2008, 269:57-66.
[12] Harris J M，Chess R B. Effect of pegylation on pharmaceuticals[J]. Nat Rev Drug Discovery, 2003, 2:214-221.
[13] Zheng M, Davidson F，Huang X. Ethylene glycol monolayer protected nanoparticles for eliminating nonspecific binding with biological molecules[J]. J Am Chem Soc, 2003, 125:7790-7791.
[14] Niidome T, Yamagata M, Okamoto Y, et al. PEG-modified gold nanorods with a stealth character for in vivo applications[J]. J Controlled Release, 2006, 114:343-347.[15] Von Maltzahn G, Park J H, Agrawal A, et al. Computationally guided photothermal tumor therapy using long-circulating gold nanorod antennas[J]. Cancer Res, 2009, 69:3892-3900.
[16] Foss C A, Hornyak G L, Martin C R, et al. Template-synthesized nanoscopic gold particles: Optical spectra and the effects of particle size and shape[J]. J Phys Chem, 1994, 98:2963-2971.
