纳米银对三种纤毛虫超微结构的影响

纳米银对三种纤毛虫超微结构的影响

赵晓欢¹，吕  洋²，巩志伟³，任余廷⁴，倪  兵^1*

（1.华东师范大学生命科学学院，上海  200241；2.深圳罗湖高级中学，广州  深圳518010；3.华东师范大学物理与电子科学学院，上海 200241；4.上海市民办风范中学，上海 200072）

摘 要  本文利用透射电镜观察纳米银对冠突伪尾柱虫（Pseudourostylacristata）、浮萍棘尾虫（Stylonychialemnae）、小腔游仆虫（Euplotes aediculatus）三种纤毛虫超微结构的影响，结果表明：（1）浮萍棘尾虫的表膜结构受到破坏，另外两种细胞表膜未受到损伤。（2）冠突伪尾柱虫的线粒体结构破坏最严重，外膜裂解，嵴断裂瓦解；小腔游仆虫的线粒体破坏程度次之，外膜完整，嵴断裂；浮萍棘尾虫线粒体形态较完整。（3）冠突伪尾柱虫细胞核受损最严重，核膜、染色质均有瓦解现象。初步推测，纳米银对纤毛虫具有较大的生物毒性，且毒性作用与纤毛虫种类相关。

关键词  纳米银；纤毛虫；超微结构；毒性效应

中图分类号：  文献标识码：A  doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6281.2020.04.008

The effects of silver nanoparticles on ultrastructure of three species of ciliates

ZHAO Xiao-huan¹,LÜ Yang², GONG Zhi-wei³, REN Yu-ting⁴, NI Bing^1*

(1. School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241;2. School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 20024;3.Shenzhen Luohu Senior High School, Guangzhou Shenzhen 518010; 4.ShangHai Civilian-Run Fengfan School, Shanghai 200072,China)

Abstract  The effects of silver nanoparticles on ultrastructure of Pseudourostylacristata, Stylonychialemnae and Euplotes aediculatus were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results included three aspects: (1) The membranes of S. lemnae were damaged, and the membranes of the other two ciliates were intact. (2) The mitochondria of P. cristata were destroyed most seriously. The out membrane and internal cristae of mitochondria ruptured and disappeared. The damage degree of mitochondria in E. aediculatus was the next. The outer membrane was intact, and the cristae was broken. The mitochondrial morphology of S. lemnae was relatively complete. (3) The nucleus suffered the most damage in P. cristata, and nuclear membrane and chromatin were partly disrupted. It is preliminarily speculated that silver nanoparticles have a great biological toxicity to ciliates, and the toxicity is related to the species of ciliates.

Keywords  silver nanoparticles; ciliates; ultrastructure; toxicity

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