β钛合金表面渗氧强化机理研究
王秀群, 韩卫忠*,单智伟
(西安交通大学, 金属材料强度国家重点实验室, 微纳尺度材料行为研究中心, 陕西 西安710049)
摘 要 本文通过设计一种新型充氧技术,采用显微维氏硬度测试和电子显微技术表征研究了氧原子对β钛合金硬化行为及对应显微组织的影响。结果表明,经充氧处理获得内部具有氧原子梯度分布的β钛合金,靠近表面处固溶的高浓度氧原子诱导α相在β基体析出。不同β钛合金显示出不同的α析出相形貌,其中Ti1300的α相呈板条状,Ti32Mo中的α相呈片层状。固溶氧原子倾向于在α析出相内偏聚,导致α相具有较高硬度。在梯度分布的固溶氧原子与相结构协同作用下,β钛合金展现出超高硬度和优异的耐磨损性能。充氧技术具有强韧化效果显著、工艺简单、成本低廉、经济环保等优点,是一种提高生物医用钛/锆合金强韧性的新技术。
关键词 β钛合金;充氧技术;硬化;扫描电子显微镜
中图分类号:TG115.21+5.3;TG146;TG166
文献标识码:A doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6281.2022.05.006
Hardening mechanism of surface oxygen-charging in βtitanium alloy
WANG Xiu-qun,HAN Wei-zhong*,SHAN Zhi-wei
(Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an Shannxi 710049, China)
Abstract By using a novel oxygen-charging technique, the effects of oxygen solutes on hardening behavior and phase microstructures of β titanium alloys were investigated via Vickers hardness testing and electron microscopy technique. The results show that β titanium alloys with oxygen gradients are obtained via oxygen-charging treatment. The high concentration of oxygen atoms near the surface of β titanium alloys leads to the precipitation of α phase in β matrix. These precipitated α phases have different morphologies in different β titanium alloys. For example, the precipitated α phases have a lath-like structure in Ti1300 alloys, while they show a platelet-like structure in Ti32Mo alloys. These precipitated α phases have a relatively high hardness due to the segregation of oxygen solute atoms in α phases. The synergistic effect of oxygen gradient and hetero-phase structures contributes to the super high hardness and excellent abrasive resistance of β titanium alloys. The oxygen-charging technique has the advantage of superb hardening, operability, economy and environmental compatibility, making it as a practical and reliable method for manufacturing and processing biomedical titanium and zirconium alloys with excellent performance.
Keywords β-Ti alloy; oxygen-charging; hardening; SEM
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